First Amendment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

First Amendment - Essay Example By the same provision, people can join and associate with groups and organizations without government intervention (Cohen, 2008). This law grants people the right to appeal to the government in support or against policies affecting them or those that arouse strong feelings amongst the people. People can therefore exploit this provision to gather signatures in support of a cause, or lobby legislative bodies to support or oppose legislation. The Supreme Court has the legal mandate to interpret the extent of protection afforded to these rights. The establishment clause prohibits the government, by way of legislation, from coming up with a religion that is well known or recognizing one religion over others. However, some government activity serving religious entities have been allowed by the Supreme Court, for example, provision of bus transportation using government resources for parochial school students (Cohen, 2008). The Supreme Court strongly demands for justification of government interference of free speech but allows for speech prohibition where there is risk of breach of peace or violence. The government may prohibit association or prevent formation of groups that promote or engage in illegal activities. While the right to association prohibits the government from requiring groups to register or disclose their members or government denying people benefits based on membership of a particular group, there are instances where courts feel that the benefits of registration or disclosure far outweigh interference with first amendment rights (Anastaplo, 2010). The protection of the right to speech and assembly for speakers vary with the speaker’s forum. As the Supreme Court breaks them down; there are traditional public forums, nonpublic forums and designated forums, some public property are not classified. The traditional public forums consist of all the areas traditionally open to political speech and debate such as side walks and public

Impact of Financial Markets on Economy, Businesses, and Individuals Assignment - 1

Impact of Financial Markets on Economy, Businesses, and Individuals - Assignment Example Retirees depend highly on the returns of their pension funds. Thus, a fall in stock prices may lead to a loss to a portion of the syndicated investment of the funding in the stock market, reducing the overall return and giving them less purchasing power The federal reserve of the United States is the central bank of the country which facilitates the banking system of the country. It provides services for account maintenance, payment and collection services, circulation currency and transferring funds. For the government it acts as a fiscal agent by honouring treasury check, electronically processing transactions and handling the issuance, transfer and redeem of government securities The board of governors is appointed by the president to serve 14 years of office. Their primary responsibility includes the formulation of the monetary policy, approving the currency circulation limitations and setting cash reserve requirements for the commercial banks (FederalReserve.gov, 2014). The board focuses on developing swift payments system in the country and implementing laws that are related to consumer credit. It sets marginal limits to the use of credit or security purchase and reserves regulatory and supervisory rights over the banking system. The chairman of the Federal Reserve is appointed by this board of governors as well. The chairman of the Federal Reserve is one of the active board members and assumes the role of the head of the central bank. Under his leadership, the board of governors of the Federal Reserve carries out their responsibilities of analyzing, interpreting and regulating the financial system of the country. The chairman is required to report to the congress bi-annually to relate the activities and decisions of the central bank. He maintains contacts with the president’s financial advisory council and other economic officials. The chairman also maintains membership of leading financial institutions internationally like the IMF, BIF etc.  

Impact Of SMS On Society Social Policy Essay

Impact Of SMS On Society Social Policy Essay Nowadays mobile phone plays the key role in communication in many countries, it bring convenience because can carry out anywhere anytime, a lot of function like listen music, browse internet or play game. Another increasingly popular function is the message services in forms of short message service (SMS). SMS first appeared in about 1991 GSM. Later, in CDMA SMS, and TDMA networks. Phone Caller (MO), the key SMS feature that allows users to text messages from mobile phones, has not only become available to non, GSM users in 2000.SMS is a communication service standardized in the mobile phone communication system, using standard communication protocol that allows mobile phone text messages exchanged between the devices (John Wily 2005). About issues of SMS in society, SMS has caused subtle but interesting changes in society since it has been popular. According to U.S. statistics, in year 2009, the total of SMS sent in the first half of 2009 was double the number last year same time, t otal SMS sent in first half of 2009 is 740 billion and the volume of SMS sent daily is 4.1 billion, and there are 276 million wireless users. This reflects the importance of the Short Message Service or the SMS as it is popularly known (Jain 2009). More people to use this service, the issues will arise more. Of course, used in the right place will not be affected to society, but some people will take advantage of this service to do illegal things the community. Analysis The reasons why I choosing Impact of SMS on society because last time me almost send more than 100 SMS in one day and cause me to waste lot money to reload my mobile credit. I also cheated by a scam, and every week will automatically deduct the credit of my mobile phone. That time I have to register an account to checking the football live score and every week will charge me RM 3 ringgit, but when I want to deactivated my account, it have no way to teach me how to do. So every week my mobile phone will auto pay RM 3 ringgit to them. This is a lesson I learn from it, we should careful when register anything through SMS and read the condition properly before action. SMS (Short Message Service), commonly referred to as text messaging, is a service for sending short messages of up to 160 characters (224 characters if using a 5-bit mode) to mobile devices, including cellular phones, smart phones and PDAs (Simon Smith 2008). There are 276 million wireless users in U.S; it reflects the importance of the U.S. people. SMS is the discrete more than telephone conversations, making it to communicate when you do not want to be disturbed the ideal form. Example if inside the cinema, through SMS we can not affect any person and send message to anyone. SMS is less time-consuming in comparison to make a phone call or send an e-mail. Unlike email and instant messenger, SMS does not require you to have a computer. A lot of businessman sends their advertisement along with the SMS, because it will save cost and time. SMS has countless contributions to the worlds. Some companies will use this service can issue immediate alerts to their employee about emergencies and critical situations. To send important information to major customers or suppliers, thereby ensuring that the information received is the appropriate person immediately. The company can send greetings to their clients or suppliers on various festivals or other occasions. Any updates or e-message can be sent to roaming, employees such as sales personnel or technical staff on the road any updates or information. SMS can be used to send a message to many people, from the contact list one or all users in a particular area. This service is called broadcasting companies use the contact employee groups or online services, news and other information users. Bank are useful in this SMS service, it made a contribution to areas such as transaction deposits and withdrawals so much. Rather than go to the bank for processing, whereas the latter has developed a variety of ways, allowing customers to carry out short message service through banking transactions. This allows them to complete their financial transactions with out of the office or and home. Whether young or old, they have been contacted and know how to use SMS service. SMS allows the sale and purchase of goods easier. Only to send and receive text messages for buyers and vendors do not have to meet face to face when transactions (Urmann 2009). SMS has its own share of disadvantages also. Some fraud group will send you the text messages to show that you have allegedly won in a lottery or promos. Then you will find that these are not real, will bribe you some money. SMS has made some disintegration of the family in one way or another. Rather than talk to each other and their children, they will usually pick up the phone and text or play games. Similarly, the children communicate with their peers the most frequently used text messages and lose the quality time with their parents interact. Sadly, their interaction, communication, and even relationships are under threat then became addicted to the short messaging system for some users. We can see SMS has a lot of benefits, compare to post modernism, it really have a big different now. We compare write a letter and send a SMS to a person, letter will takes more than 2 days to reach the addressee at home, but SMS just waste 1 or 2 minute will send out to the addressee. SMS increase more Efficiency than write letter, now we can send messages and chat directly with each other. A lot company will through SMS to promote their product, because it can send to many people in the same time, that no need waste the paper to write any letter to promote their product. Letter will waste resource, time and money. A company can send out SMS to every mobile user for promote their product in one day, letter cannot just will slow down every progress and a lot disadvantage and feel unsecure to it. The positive perspective, SMS brings a lot of convenience to the society. Its use more frequently to countless, SMS is particularly suited for these kinds of short messages because SMS is much cheaper than calling someone and giving the same message. Call someone to provide the same information will always need more time, thereby enhancing the cost (Gupta 2001). Whether in business, or each person transmission of messages, SMS and the establishment of its importance and in this world can no longer be a lack of a service. Some people lack communication skills, but through SMS, they can express what they want. At any time, as long as have mobile phones, we can spread our message to anyone. For the negative perspective, many students indulged in SMS chat, leading to neglect their studies, but also expensive monthly bills. This trend has become a bad habit of the students, so SMS quite a big effect on them. Some people use SMS this method to do some illegal things, such as the misappropriation of certain groups, the reputation of a person to get money, some ignorant people and greedy people easy to fool them. Conclusion From so many different perspectives and then the good service of SMS, It provides a very convenient method of exchanging small bits of information between mobile users (Gupta 2001). The reason for the huge popularity of SMS has been the fact that, send and receives messages, not only saves time and lower cost, as well as the mechanism. In many cases, it is a relatively more comfortable than talking by sending SMS message via mobile phone. Mankind should have good use of modern technology, rather than abusing it to the exercise of ways to break the law. Humans have been moving towards higher technology, better use of technology can make it flourish, if a good technology to be used in crime by some people on transit, it can be science and technology may no longer appear on this earth has. References John Wily 2005, mobile messaging technologies and service http://books.google.com.my/books?id=AWQgapsAIvoCpg=PA47dq=issues+Short+Message+Service+%28SMS%29#v=onepageq=issues%20Short%20Message%20Service%20%28SMS%29f=false [5 November 2009] Veena Jain 2009, Advantages of Sending Bulk SMS http://www.articlesbase.com/cell-phones-articles/advantages-of-sending-bulk-sms-1030002.html [5 November 2009] Simon Smith 2008, Short Message Servicehttp://searchmobilecomputing.techtarget.com/sDefinition/0,,sid40_gci213660,00.html[5 November 2009] David H. Urmann 2009, SMS (Super Messaging Service!) Advantages and Disadvantages http://transmeet.com/471977-SMS-Super-Messaging-Service-Advantages-and-Disadvantages.html [5 November 2009] Puneet Gupta 2001, Short Message Service: What, How and Where? http://www.wirelessdevnet.com/channels/sms/features/sms.html [5 November 2009]

Futility of Life in The Death of Ivan Ilyich Essay -- Tolstoy Death Iv

Futility of Life in The Death of Ivan Ilyich      Ã‚   Count Leo Tolstoy is considered Russia’s greatest novelist and one of its most influential moral philosophers. As such, he is also one of the most complex individuals for historians of literature to deal with. His early work sought to replace romanticized glory with realistic views. A good example of this is the way he often portrayed battle as an unglamorous act performed by ordinary men. After his marriage, though, Tolstoy started to reexamine his attitudes towards life, especially his moral, social, and educational beliefs (Shepherd 401). Many commentators agree that Tolstoy’s early study of the French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau encouraged his rebellious attitude. This new deep-seated dissatisfaction with himself and a long frustrated search for meaning in life, however, led to the crisis Tolstoy described in his Confession and Memoirs of a Madman. In these works he formulated a doctrine to live by based on universal love, forgiveness, and simplicity (Valente 127). Simplicity and the moral importance of leading a simple life, for Tolstoy, became the only true way to live a spiritually fulfilled life. After arriving at his doctrine of universal love and simplicity, Tolstoy at first refrained from writing fiction. He even renounced much of his earlier work as too complex and not morally uplifting. Nevertheless, because of Tolstoy’s earnest commitment to the view of literary art as a means for bringing important truths to the attention of the reader, he returned to imaginative literature and wrote The Death of Ivan Ilyich to emphasize the message that simple life is best. Tolstoy’s life led him into all kinds of contradictions--sometimes he believed in fighting, s... ... (qtd, in Jahn 20). It becomes clear then that Ivan Ilyich is brought to a re-evaluation of his past life; that the ending is not just a contrived means of closure, but a miraculous conversion of the dying Ivan Ilyich and his important discovery concerning the moral consequence of living a simple and honest life.    Works Cited Gifford, Henry. Tolstoy. Oxford: Oxford UP, 1982. Jahn, Gary R. The Death of Ivan Ilich: An Interpretation. New York: Twayne, 1992. Rowe, William W. Leo Tolstoy. Boston: Twayne, 1986. Shepherd, David.   "Conversion, Reversion and Subversion in Tolstoi's The Death of Ivan   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il'ich."   Ã‚   The Slavonic and East European Review   71.3 (1993):   401-16. Valente, Luis Ferando. â€Å"Variations on the Kenotic Hero: Tolstoy’s Ivan Ilych and Guimaraes Rosa’s Augusto   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Matraga.† Symposium 45.2 (1991): 126-38.   

Legal framework for social work in United Kingdom Essay

Legal framework for social work in United Kingdom Introduction            Social work is defined as a professional and academic discipline that will seek to have improvement on the individuals, groups’ and communities’ quality of life and their well-being through having policies, conducting researches, organizing communities and teaching for the good of the people affected by social limitations that may include poverty, mental and physical sickness, social injustice including violation of human rights. International (Federation of Social Workers 2000). These groups may include school dropouts, the elderly in the society, juvenile offenders, drug and alcohol abusers and the homeless            Social workers will work in different settings within a set of framework of legislation and practices. The setting may include a school situation, the service users’ home, a hospital or a public sector premise Social work values            Social work is argued to be value based. Since it is a profession on, social work ethics (values) thus refer to a set of guidelines that have to govern the way professionals treat the people they interact with and the sort of actions that are regarded as right or wrong. They offer a vision and discernment (Bernstein 1970)            Social work in the United Kingdom occurs in four spheres. The first sphere is majorly a concept relates to the moral philosophy that creates the ethical arguments on social work. The second sphere is based on the legislation that has created an environment for practice of social work with reference to the social work cases. The third sphere is the political ideas and concepts and their influence in shaping and sculpturing the social work models, social work methods and practices. The last sphere presents the historical part of the beginning of social work as a profession and its struggle for professional identity. These spheres are extended, mid range and restricted definitions of social work ethics and values (Bernard et al 2008, p. 6)            This paper will focus on the second sphere in reference to the United Kingdom. Social work and law            Social work as a profession has to follow certain laws and regulations which govern the profession. The legal framework involves the statute laws and case laws and tries to explain the relationship that links them. Moreover, it details legislation of the government under acts of parliament, the international laws, policy guidance, and the local government circulars that articulate the purpose and guidance principles of legislation. Health and Care professional Council code of practice            As a social worker, it is paramount to be aware of the legal obligations required of them to create a healthy and safe working conditions. The General Social Care Council code of practice imposes more duties for employers of social workers. The code states that (Brayne & Carr 2002, P. 49) The social worker shall protect and promote interests of the service users The social worker will strive to establish, maintain trust and confidence of the service users The social worker will promote independence of the service users while giving them protection from possible harm The social worker shall respect the rights of the service users while ensuring that their behavior will not harm other people and themselves The social worker shall uphold the public trust and confidence in the social care services The social worker shall be accountable for quality in their work and taking responsibility for maintenance and improvement of their knowledge Acts of parliament The Carew standard Act 2000            This Act has a significant role in the social care work as it did extend the registration regime for the social care in England and that of Wales for provision of the children’s services, the Act requires the following: Registration of children homes Registration of family centre’s Registration of the independent fostering agencies Registration of the voluntary adoption agencies Registration of support agencies            To be a permanent registered member one has to meet a set of regulations tailored to each individual service. In coming up to a decision whether the regulatory requirement shave been fulfilled, the registering authority must have a regard to minimum National standards. England’s registration authority is Office for Standards in Education, Children’s Services and Skills (OFSTED). The Social workers and the social care services cannot function without having satisfied the above requirements. As a social worker or a social care service provider, there is a need to have knowledge to avoid prosecution by Law The health and social care Act 2012            This bill was agreed upon by both houses and obtained the Royal Assent on the 27th of March to become an act of parliament. The bill created an independent National Health Service Board to promote choices made by the patients in regard to their health issues and reduced the administration tool of the National Health Service. A National Health Service Board was also created to allocate resources and provide guidance on commissioning of social care services. Powers of the government’s ability to commission services on behalf of patients were increased. The function of the Care Quality Commission was strengthened and Section 209 of this Act amended. The powers of the new law under Section 60 of the 199 Act gave her majesty the power by order in the council to regulate social workers and social care practitioners of England. This placed the role of social workers and the role of social health care providers directly under her majesty (Britain 2012, p. 9). This A ct placed a lot of Significance on Social Care services being provided in the United Kingdom. A consideration on the adult social care was emphasized. For example, allowing the transfer of public health to the local authorities through local health and the well being boards. Various new bodies have emerged such as the Local health watches which have a function of checking on health and the social care standards. Children’s Act 2004.            In England, the law protects the right of children. Section 11 and 12 of this Act places a statutory duty on all agencies to co-operate and promote the welfare of the children. The government guidance for social workers and other professionals that interact with children is that: the social worker has a duty of keeping the children safe. There should be constant feedback to the children social care local authority on suggestions and assessment and lastly every person who has a role should not think that he/she has the absolute right to the child’s needs. Professionals sometimes fail to report the abuse and neglect cases do not face penalties for crime however; they might be subjected to professional discipline Public Services (Social Value) Act 2012            The bill got a Royal Assent on 8th of March. The bill aimed to give strength to the social enterprise businesses sectors and make relevant the concept of social value and its importance in the placing and providing of public services. With this bill a National Social enterprise strategy was created to encourage the engagement in social enterprises. The local government act 2000 section 4 was then required to have a sustainable community strategy proposal that promote the engagement of social enterprise in their areas. The Local Authority Social Services Act 1970            This Act brought together the different fields of social work into a single Social service department in every local authority. With this establishment, an emphasis was laid on a co-ordinated and comprehensive system of approach to the social care, the support of families and identifying the need for people to seek aid. The formulated departments then became responsible for domestic aid, residential accommodation and recreational services. Care council of Wales            All social workers should be registered. It is one of the bodies mandated to register and regulates the activities of the social workers and all other social care in Wales. The care council is set up under the Care Standards Act 2000. It includes the codes of professional practice, conduct rules, and a well established guideline on the complainant’s procedure. Some other features accessed include consultation services, annual reports, the newsletters and the e-bulletins. Registration of workers ensures that there is as constant data of available social workers and social health care workers in a given state or region. It is easy to verify a genuine worker and avoids imposters who might be out on criminal activities Care and Social Services of the inspectorate of Wales            This is a body mandated to regulating and inspecting the establishment of agencies that offer social care services in Wales region. It carries out duties on behalf of the ministers of Wales. It has been given power under Act 2003 of the Social and Health care to look into the handling of social services by the local authorities. On their website, one is able to raise a query on social workers conduct for necessary action. Rights and freedoms of Social workers and limitations Guide to information sharing            Social work is a professional duty. When dealing with children, England places emphasis on effective information sharing between the local agencies and the social workers on identification and assessment of service provisions. These are defined in â€Å"Working together to safeguard children (PDF). Under this guidance, paragraph 1.24 states clearly that fears that arise on sharing personal information should not hinder promotion of a child’s welfare and safety. All social workers and social care provider thus are required to have an efficient information discernment process to avoid a scenario of neglect in believe that another individual will do the task. Limitations to this guide            These provisions however do have limitations. In Wales’s guidance on information sharing is found in chapter 14 of Safeguarding children working together under the Children Act 2004 (PDF). In these guidance paragraph 14.5 overlaps the guidance for professionals in England. It states that â€Å"The safety and welfare of a child or young person must be put into consideration first when making decisions about sharing information about them† and that must be superseding public interest in revealing the information. The guidance then further goes on to give the way forward in sharing on information. Paragraph 14.6 states that â€Å"the best way of ensuring that information sharing is properly handled is to work within carefully worked out information-sharing protocols between agencies and professionals involved, and taking legal advice in each case where necessary. Guide to Loss and damage            Social workers have been mandated with a legal duty of caring and service providers. In essence these role places the employers with responsibility of paying up damages their employees suffer while in line of duty. In the event those being taken care of suffer adverse damage as a result of social work interference, then they are entitled to sue the social work company for negligence. These may be as a result of physical damage, emotional or psychological damage. While this is the case, the law prohibits the suing of social workers when performing certain statutory functions like safeguarding children. Employers need to understand the times which their employees may be liable to protection under the law and when not. Legislation on discrimination on Personal privacy            In line of duty, social workers provide aid services. In order for them to carry out these functions effectively, it is paramount for them to have knowledge of the raft of legislation that protects individuals for discrimination basing on their gender, age, sexual orientation, religion, disability or ethnicity. These are domestic laws of the United Kingdom and are complemented by European Convention on human right which protects the citizens of the United Kingdom against unjustified state interference with their life. It is always possible for government and social work agencies getting into people’s life when they are not willing. In this event then the public can resort to the human rights protection of privacy and autonomy. Social workers and social work agencies need to have knowledge of the rights and privileges granted to the masses under the European convention for both parties to avoid violating them while at the same time helping individuals who hav e had their rights contravened The Human rights            Human rights are legal obligations that are to be adhered to universally. Human rights are defined as â€Å"the universal right to standard living that is adequate for healthy and well being of individuals and their families.†(Roosevelt 2000, p.5). These are also embodied by global social work perspective by stating that â€Å"The struggle for dignity and fundamental freedoms, which allows for the full development of human potentials, boils down to two words: human rights.†(IFSW 1996).The presence of this law, social work in the United Kingdom is bound to human rights which are considered sensitive to human race and collective citizenship. The social work must then be conceptualized and sensitized to the culture in which the services are offered. Thus a social worker in England should be able to accept the culture and laws of a state or region in which he/she is working in. Conclusion            Social work and social care has a pivotal role in service delivery to the society. This view cannot go unnoticed. The values, ethics of social work such as respect for humanity, equality and service to all have played a major role in helping the less privileged in the United Kingdom. The beneficiaries have included the mentally ill, the old, women and children. The United Kingdom having realized the vital role of social care came up with various laws not only to check but to guide the professionals in their field of work. These laws have been defined in various Acts of parliament, Scholarly publications and various codes of ethics and conduct of the Social work profession. Social workers and social care workers interact with different people on daily basis. In order for a harmonious and efficient system of operation to uphold, these laws and various publications have played a major role. However the legal stipulations have also had a negative side of the story bein g felt where they have had to hamper the operations of social workers and social care practitioners. Technological advancements and constant reviews of challenges that have risen in the working environment of this profession I believe can act as a catalyst to new ideas to command this noble profession to greater heights in the United Kingdom References BRITAIN, G. (2012). Health and social care act 2012: chapter 7. [S.l.], Tso. BRAYNE, H., & CARR, H. (2012). Law for social workers. Oxford, Oxford University Press. BRITAIN, G. (2012). Health and social care act 2012: chapter 7. [S.l.], Tso. BARNARD, A., HORNER, N., & WILD, J. (2008). The value base of social work and social care. Maidenhead, England, Open University Press. ROOSEVELT, E. (2000). Universal declaration of human rights in English, Spanish, French, Chinese, Russian, Arabic. Bedford, Mass, Applewood Books. HEALY, L. M. (2008). International social work: professional action in an interdependent world. Oxford, Oxford University Press. REAMER, F. G. (2006). Social work values and ethics. New York, Columbia University Press. BERNSTEIN, P. (1997). American work values: their origin and development. New York, State Univ. of New York Press. BANKS, S. (2012). Ethics and values in social work. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, Palgrave Macmillan. (2004). Children Act 2004: Explanatory notes. [S.l.], Stationery Office. Source document

E2020 Course Work

Assignment 10: Promotion and Advertising In Section 10, you learned about promotion and advertising of a business. Now, you'll apply what you learned to your company idea. 1. Will your company use advertising as a promotional strategy? If so, which types of advertising will you use? If not, why not? We will use advertisement. We will use word of mouth and a good community. 2. Will your company use public relations as a promotional strategy? If so, describe at least two ways you will communicate with the public. 2-6 sentences. 2. 0 points) Yes we will use public relations as a promotional. We will give promotional items and gear out ot popular internet personas. Also we would do AMAs on Reddit. com 3. Describe at least two things your company could do in order to try to get publicity. TIP: If this includes press releases, describe what the release or releases would be about. (2-4 sentences. 2. 0 points) We would hold live streams answering questions and talking with fans. Get a articl e in Gameinformer. 4.Choose a type of advertisement (newspaper, magazine, outdoor, radio, Internet, and so on) to research, and then answer the following questions. a. Find the Web site for a company that sells this type of advertisement (such as newspaper, magazine, outdoor, radio, Internet, or another type of ad). What is this company's name? (0. 5 points) Google adwords. b. Describe at least one type of advertisement you can purchase from this company, including any details about the size, length, color, or other features of the advertisement. (2-6 sentences. . 0 points) You can buy online advertisement. You can do a couple of sentences. It is pay per click. c. How much does this type of advertisement cost? (1-2 sentences. 1. 0 points) It will cost around 16 cents per click d. Do you think this type of advertisement would be effective for your company? Why or why not? (2-5 sentences. 2. 0 points) No I don’t. The amount of people who actually clicks it would be low and the amount who buy are lower. 5. Choose a different type of advertisement to research, and then answer the following questions. . Find the Web site for a company that sells this type of advertisement (such as newspaper, magazine, outdoor, radio, Internet, or another type of ad). What is this company's name? (0. 5 points) Yuma sun b. Describe at least one type of advertisement you can purchase from this company, including any details about the size, length, color, or other features of the advertisement. (2-6 sentences. 2. 0 points) They have newspaper ads and you get photos and words c. How much does this type of advertisement cost? 1-2 sentences. 1. 0 points) it cost 22 dollars. d. Do you think this type of advertisement would be effective for your company? Why or why not? (2-5 sentences. 2. 0 points) Yes a lot of people like to support local efforts. 6. Describe at least 2 features of your product or service. (2-4 sentences. 2. 0 points) We create fun and immersive games. Inexpensive a nd high quality. 7. Describe at least 2 benefits of your product or service. (2-4 sentences. 2. 0 points) It will allow you to spend hours in one game.

Norways Geography and Economy

Norways Geography and Economy Introduction Although most scholars have diverted their attention to other UK countries with disregard to Northern Europe, some of the Scandinavian countries possess imperative scholarly aspects of Geography and Economy.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Norways Geography and Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Norway in particular is one of the Scandinavian countries, which very few people understand its dramatic geographical and environmental sceneries. Its economic expansion in terms of GDP competes with that of the super-economies such as UK, Germany and the US. This essay discusses these aspects to demonstrate how Norway is one of the best countries in the world. Geography Location Norway is a Western Scandinavian country located 57 ° and 81 ° N, latitude, and 4 ° and 32 °E Northern Europe. Sweden and Russia border Norway to the East while it shares borders with Finland and Skagerrak Strait to the sou th (Franklin 23). Barent Sea borders Norway to the North while Norwegian Sea to the West. It has an estimated area of 385,252 KM2. Oslo is the capital city of Norway. The country is famous for the fjords located along its extensive coastline. Climate Being a Scandinavian country, Norway is generally a cold climate. This beautiful country experiences precipitation in most parts of the south and west. Winter and summer characterize the climate of this country. During winter, the lowlands in Oslo city experience snow and cold weather while the western part experiences relatively balmier winters than the south. Warmest and sunniest weather however, characterize the summer climate of the Oslo City. Norway also experiences significant variations in daylight seasons due to high latitude. To the North of Arctic Circle, the country experiences ‘midnight sunlight’ with the other parts experiencing 20 hours of daylight between May and July. However, between November and January, t he country experiences very short daylight hours. Brief History Before the writing of history, historians hold that hunters and gatherers, the pre-Indo speakers, inhabited the Norwegian country. The Norwegian ancestors dominated this territory at advent of the fourth millennium BC. Historians refer these people as Proto-Indo speakers. Patriarchy and individualism characterized their culture. Historians attribute the civilization of Norway to these people. Besides domesticating animals and agriculture, â€Å"the proto-Indo people traded bronze and manufactured weapons† (Karen 134). After the pre-Roman Iron period, Hafrfjord battle and Barbarian invasions, Harald I unified the discrete kingdoms into Norwegian kingdom under one king. In history, Sweden, Denmark and other countries colonized Norway until 1905 when Norway declared its independence. During the World Wars, Norway was a neutral territory although between 1940 and 1945, the Hitler’s Nazi power dominated the cou ntry. In 1994, through a referendum Norway declined to become a member of European Union.Advertising Looking for essay on geography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Population Pyramid Norway has a population of more than 4.9 million with majority being the Norwegians. Currently, statistics predicts a projected 48% population increase by 2050. Table below shows the trend of population of Norway since 1500 Year Population %+- 1500 140,000 1665 440,000 214.3% 1735 616,109 40% 1801 883,603 43.4% 1855 1,490,047 68.6% 1900 2,240,032 50.3% 1950 3,278,546 46.4% 2000 4,478,497 36.6% 2050? 6,627,000 48% Table 1: Norway populations Source: Karen, Larsen. A History of Norway. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1948. Print. The above data depicts growing Norwegian population. The population pyramid below (figure 1) shows sex and age distribution in 2010. Figure 1: Pyramid: Sex distributionAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Norways Geography and Economy specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Source: World Bank. Data Statistics, 20 Feb. 2011. Web. http://data.worldbank.org/country http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/0,pagePK:180619~theSitePK:136917,00.html. Demographics The majority of the population is the Germanic people, accounting for more than 45% of the population. Sami and Kven people are some of the minority nationals in Norway. Other minorities include Forest Finns, Roman travelers and the Jews. Like any other nation, Oslo City, the capital city, is the highly populated city in Norway. This implies that most of the citizens live in urban areas. Issues in population Immigration is the major issue of population in Norway. In fact, immigrants account for 50% of the Norwegian population. Statistics show that 61,200 people immigrated to the Norway in 2007, 35% higher than 2006. Reports on population r evealed that 552,313 people had immigrant background by the end of 2009. The majority of these immigrants are from Poles, Iraqis, Somali, Germany and Sweden. Since most of these immigrants live around the capital, Oslo, the government of Norway is greatly concerned about its security. Most of these immigrants have fled their war torn countries with only a few for investment. Overpopulation in cities due to immigration and urban settlements is another issue in the Norwegian population. Politics Government The government is a parliamentary system with unitary monarchy. The King heads the state while the prime minister heads the government. There are three branches of the government namely: executive, judiciary and the parliament. The constitution provides for separation of power among these arms. The prime minister’s position is political and the constitution allots it to the party with the majority in parliament. The prime minister constructs the cabinet, which is composed of members of same parliamentary party. The state composes of 19 counties headed by politically elected governor. The governor is the King’s representative in these counties. Municipalities constitute to the counties. There are 430 municipalities in Norway each headed by a mayor. Parliament makes the law, which the judicial system implements. The judiciary consists of district courts, appellate courts and the Supreme Court. The chief justice leads 19 judges in the Supreme Court of Norway. The police service enforces the law to the Norwegian public. The service is under the ministry of Justice and headed by the Directorate at the national level. Having abolished death penalty in 1902, Norway records the lowest rates of homicides.Advertising Looking for essay on geography? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Political Issues The debate among the politicians on the separation of the church and state is a major issue. Out of the 19 ministers, 10 should be members of the church of Norway. Politicians and law experts have questioned this article of the constitution. Although most politicians propose for the total separation of the church and state, the monarchy strongly clings on this article. Independence of the Judiciary is another issue since the prime minister appoints judges and the chief justice. Transactional issues Land disputes exists between Denmark (Greenland) and Norway over the Antarctica territory. Currently, Russia is investigating into the claims raised by Norway over this territory. Norway was also involved in maritime boundary dispute with Russia. This dispute was however resolved in 2010 through an agreement. Economy GDP As CIA World Factbook notes, Norway is the â€Å"second highest GDP per-capita in Europe and fourth in the world† (56). In terms of monetary value , Norway is among the wealthiest countries in the world. It has highest standards of living. World Bank indicates, â€Å"Norway’s living standards are 30% higher than US and 50% higher than the UK.† World Bank statistics show that Norway had a GDP of more than $381 billion in 2009. In 2010, Norway recorded $276.4 billion purchasing power; and GDP of $413.5 billion in the same year. Economists predict that Norway will remain an economically stable Scandinavian nation for thousands of years to come. This prediction is justifiable based on the oil exports and the continued accumulation of wealth. Exports Norway is rated third exporter of gas and fifth exporter of oil. Statistics reveal that oil and gas exports account for more than 20% of the GDP. The oil and gas constitute to 47% of the countries export, thereby rating oil and gas the largest exports in Norway. World Trade Organization (WTO) rates Norway as the second exporter of fish in the world. Norway is also among t he leading exporter of arms and weapons. Imports Due to low population and high employment, Norway imports human capital from the neighboring countries such as Finland, Sweden among others. In 2010, it recorded electricity imports of 3.41 billion kWh. Norway is a free market with few state-owned companies. It also imports machinery, chemicals, metals and other foodstuffs from Sweden, Denmark and US. Although, it is not a member of EU, Norway trades its products in the EU market. Its major trading partners include Germany (13.4%), UK (24.3%), Netherlands (10.87), and United States (4.82%), Sweden (5.76%) and France (8.55%). However, the Norwegian products have spread all over the world with high markets of oil, gas and arms in Africa and Middle East respectively. Society Education The ministry of Education and Research is responsible for systems of education in Norway. The country has 7 public universities, 25 university colleges and 5 technical colleges. After demonstrating academic competence in the upper secondary school, the universities and college admit these citizens. Higher education adheres to the Bologna process of education, that is, 3-year Bachelors degree, 2-year Masters Degree and 3-year PhD degree. The public institutions offer free education regardless to the nationality of an individual. The system of education emphasizes on technology, entrepreneurship and critical thinking. Culture Norwegian culture is widely exhibited through music, literature, art, cinema and architecture. Classical music, which is widely listened in all over the world, represents Norway’s exported culture. Jazz and folk are other forms of music deeply grown within the Norwegian culture. The government supports cultural festivals. Oslo, for instance, hosts several festivals throughout the year with Extreme sport festival as the most notable and celebrated from all over the world. In terms of architecture, wood is the most used building material. Major foods include p otatoes, fish, dairy products, bread and other seafood. Same sex marriage is legal in Norway and gender equality is almost a reality. Religion Norway is one of the most secular countries in the world, with 25% of its population as pagans. The 1990’s statistics show that not more than 5.3% of the Norwegians who attend church. In 2008, this statistic dropped to 2% and in 2010, it lowered further to mere 1%. Most of the citizens are followers of the Baptist Church of Norway. However, due to Muslim influx, Islam culture and religion has grown in major towns. According to Karen, â€Å"Orthodoxy is vigorously growing religion in Norway† with a growth rate of about 231.1% between 2000 and 2009 (147). Health Public health is a responsibility of the government at various levels. With very few private hospitals, the public has access to free medical care at government health centers. The government has invested heavily in health care with 9.2% of GDP allocated for the sector. As a result, Norway has the lowest infant mortality in world, with less than four per 1,000 births in 2010. The maternal mortality is low, with a statistic of six per 1,000 births in 1998. The HIV/AIDS deaths have appreciably reduced to eight per 16,000 in 2010 (CIA Factbook). The life expectancy lies between 70 to 85 years with four out of 1,000 deaths under the age of five years. Poverty and wealth According to UN Human Development, most Norwegians depend on oil and gas for employment. The country has very low unemployment and its GDP is significantly higher than Germany, US, and Sweden. Since the cost of living is high, some of the immigrants languish in poverty within the urban areas. Environment Pollution Norway is one of most attractive environmental sceneries in the world; however, it faces environmental pollution like any other country. The forest damage caused by acid rain adversely affects the water resources in Norway. Being one of the wealthiest country, emissions levels a re high from vehicles and industries. This causes air pollution. CIA Factbook notes, â€Å"Water pollution in Norway threatens the general biodiversity.† Global Warming Act Norway is a signatory to several environmental agreements, which aims to reduce global warming. Some of the agreements include Antarctic Protocol, Air pollution-Sulfur of 1994, Ozone layer protection, Tropical timber 83 and 94. In order to reduce emissions, the government deploys tradable permits to protect the environment. In this way, individuals pay for what they emit to the environment. As a result, Norway is the second nation in Europe in implementation of environmental policies. Long term Issues Development and population trends The transport system is less developed and the government through the ministry of transport and communication has invested in its expansion. The ministry plans to build â€Å"new high-speed rail systems to connect the major cities† (World Trade Organization). In such p rojects, the government allocates at least 13% of annual national budget. The population growth rate in 2010 was 0.33%, with this trend; the country expects a high population by 2050. Since economists attribute retarded growth in transport to low population, the increase will as well enhance transport expansion. Based on the trend represented by the table below, economists predict that Norway’s economic growth will continue. From the trend, poverty will also reduce appreciably. Country 1975 1985 1990 1998 Norway (US $) 19,022 23,595 28,840 36,806 Table 2: GDP trend Source: WTO. Country Profile: Norway, 13 Feb. 2011. Web. wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm. From the 2010 data, which recorded a GDP of $413.5 billion, it is justified that Norway’s economy continues to expand. With a GDP growth rate of 1.5%, the country may record more than $600 billion GDP by 2014. Millennium Goals Norway has significantly attained the millennium goals. According t o CIA Factbook, there is 100% literacy, that is, citizens aged 15 years and above can simply read and write. In terms of gender equality, both girls and boys have access to quality education, free health care and security. Infant mortality is significantly low, with a record of 3.52 deaths per 1,000 births in 2011. Due to quality standards of living, life expectancy is also high, with an average of 80.2 years in 2011. The unemployment rate has greatly reduced to 3.6% (CIA Factbook). As a result, there is insignificant number of citizens living below the poverty line. However, transport and communication development is relatively low. Conclusion Norway is a Scandinavian country largely characterized by cold weather during winter and ‘midnight daylight’ during the summer. Oslo, the capital, is a multi-cultural and multi-ethnic city, which hosts several cultural festivals. It is a unitary monarchy with parliamentary system of government. The King heads the state while the prime minister heads the government. Through its average GDP growth of about 1.5%, Norway has reduced the poverty levels to a negligible figure. The literacy of the country is among the leading in the world, with 100% people aged 15 years and above literate. It has indeed achieved most of the millennium goals. CIA Factbook. Norway. CIA, 1 March. 2011. Web. https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/ Franklin, Scott. Sweden: the Nations History. University of Minnesota Press: Minneapolis, 1977. Print. Karen, Larsen. A History of Norway. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1948. Print. World Bank. Data Statistics, 20 Feb. 2011. Web. http://web.worldbank.org/WBSITE/EXTERNAL/COUNTRIES/0, pagePK: 180 619~theSitePK: 136917, 00.html WTO. Country Profile: Norway. World Trade Organization, 13 Feb. 2011. Web. wto.org/english/thewto_e/whatis_e/tif_e/org6_e.htm

Brazil An Economy Recovering From Chaos essays

Brazil An Economy Recovering From Chaos essays Brazil earned the reputation of being a miracle economy in the late 1960s when double-digit annual growth rates were recorded and the structure of the economy underwent rapid change. Since 1981, however, Brazils economic performance has been poor in comparison to its potential. The countrys dramatic reduction in output growth, which averaged an annual GDP growth of only 1.5 percent over 1980-93, reflected its inability to respond to the events of the late 1970s and 1980s. Some events that took place during this period were: the oil shock, increases in real interest rates, the debt crisis, and the resulting cutoff of foreign credit and foreign direct investment. These shocks, in combination with poor management of public finances and heavy state intervention, resulted in large fiscal deficits at state and federal levels. Even if the fiscal deficits were reduced after 1990, deviating policies generalized indexation, and exchange rate management contributed to keeping inflation high and increasing. Monthly inflation skyrocketed from 3 percent in the late 1970s to 50 percent in mid-1994. The countrys income distribution, already poor, worsened drastically in the 1980s. Against these conditions, the success of the Real Stabilization Plan in effect since mid-1994, which has reduced inflation to an annualized rate of about 15 percent, stand out noticeably. Growth rates were satisfactory in 1994 and 1995 at 5.8 and 4.2 percent, respectively (Page 45-47). From Portugals discovery in 1500 until the late 1930s, the economy relied on the production of primary products, such as sugar cane for exports. Portugal subjected it to a strict enforced colonial pact, or imperial mercantile policy, which for three centuries heavily restricted development. The colonial phase left strong marks on the countrys economy and society, lasting long after independence in 1882. Significant changes began occurring only late...

Top 10 Events in Race Relations This Decade (2000-2009)

Top 10 Events in Race Relations This Decade (2000-2009) The first decade of the new millennium saw extraordinary strides in race relations. New ground was broken in film, television and politics, to name a few. Just because accomplishments have been made in race relations doesnt mean theres no room for improvement, though. Tensions continue to run high over issues such as illegal immigration and racial profiling. And a natural disasterHurricane Katrinarevealed that racial divisions remain strong in the United States. So, whats in store for race relations between 2010 and 2020? Judging from the events on the race relations timeline of this decade, the skys the limit. After all, who in 1999 couldve guessed that the new decade would see Americas first black president ushering in, what some have called, post-racial America? Dora the Explorer (2000) Which cartoon characters did you grew up watching? Were they part of the Peanuts gang, the Looney Tunes crew or the Hanna-Barbera family? If so, perhaps Pepe Le Pew was the only animated character you came across who spoke two languagesin Pepes case, French and English. But Pepe never became as famous as his Looney Tunes companions Bugs Bunny and Tweety Bird. On the other hand, when Dora the Explorer arrived on the scene in 2000, the series about an adventurous bilingual Latina and her animal friends proved so popular it has grossed billions of dollars. The popularity of the show proves that girls and boys of all ethnic groups will readily embrace Latino characters. It has already paved the way for another animated show with a Latino protagonistGo Diego Gowhich features Doras cousin. Dont expect Dora to be upstaged by Diego, or any other animated character, for that matter. As her audience evolves, so does she. Doras look was updated in early 2009. Shes grown from tot to tween, wears fashionable clothes and includes mystery-solving among her adventures. Count on Dora to be around for the long haul. Colin Powell Becomes Secretary of State (2001) George W. Bush appointed Colin Powell Secretary of State in 2001. Powell was the first African American to serve in the role. A moderate in a conservative administration, Powell often clashed with other members of the Bush administration. He announced his resignation from the position on Nov. 15, 2004. His service was not without controversy. Powell came under fire for his insistence that Iraq harbored weapons of mass destruction. The claim was used as justification for the U.S. to invade Iraq. After Powell stepped down, Condoleezza Rice became the first African-American woman to serve as secretary of state. Sept. 11 Terrorist Attacks (2001) The Sept. 11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon in 2001 left nearly 3,000 people dead. Because those responsible for the attacks were from the Middle East, Arab Americans came under intense scrutiny in the U.S. and continue to be today. Arguments arose over whether Arabs in America should be racially profiled. Hate crimes against Middle Easterners rose markedly. Today, xenophobia against individuals from Muslim nations remains high. In the 2008 presidential campaign, a rumor spread that Barack Obama was Muslim to discredit him. Obama is, in fact, Christian, but just the insinuation that he was Muslim cast suspicion upon him. In November 2009, the Middle Eastern community braced itself for another backlash when Major Nidal Hasan killed 13 people and wounded dozens in a murderous rampage at the Ft. Hood military base. Hasan reportedly shouted Allahu Akbar! before the massacre. Angelina Jolie Puts International Adoption in the Spotlight (2002) Transracial adoption was nothing new when actress Angelina Jolie adopted son Maddox from Cambodia in March 2002. Actress Mia Farrow adopted children from various racial backgrounds decades before Jolie, as did singer-dancer Josephine Baker. But when the 26-year-old Jolie adopted her Cambodian son and went on to adopt a daughter from Ethiopia and another son from Vietnam, she actually influenced the public to follow suit. Adoptions of children in countries such as Ethiopia by Westerners went up. Later Madonna would make headlines for adopting two children from another African nationMalawi. International adoption has its critics, of course. Some argue that domestic adoption should be prioritized. Others fear that international adoptees will be forever disconnected from their native countries. Theres also the notion that international adoptees have become status symbols for Westerners much like designer handbags or shoes. Halle Berry and Denzel Washington Win Oscars (2002) At the 74th Academy Awards, Halle Berry and Denzel Washington made history by winning Oscars for Best Actress and Best Actor, respectively. While Sidney Poitier won a Best Actor Oscar for 1963s Lilies of the Field, no black woman had ever won a top acting honor from the Academy. Berry, who won for Monsters Ball, remarked during the ceremony, This moment is so much bigger than me. This moment is for Dorothy Dandridge, Lena Horne, Diahann Carroll . . . its for every nameless, faceless woman of color who now has a chance because this door tonight has been opened. While many were elated by the groundbreaking wins of Berry and Washington, some in the African-American community expressed dismay that the actors won Oscars for portraying less than admirable characters. Washington played a corrupt cop in â€Å"Training Day,† while Berry played an abusive mother who moves in with the white man who participated in her late husband’s execution. The film features a graphic sex scene between Berry and Billy Bob Thornton that also garnered criticism, including from actress Angela Bassett who said she turned down the part of Leticia (the character Berry plays) because she didn’t want to be a â€Å"prostitute on film.† Hurricane Katrina (2005) Hurricane Katrina touched down in southeastern Louisiana Aug. 29, 2005. One of the deadliest hurricanes in American history, Katrina took more than 1,800 lives. While residents with the means to leave the area evacuated before the hurricane hit, impoverished residents of New Orleans and surrounding areas had no choice but to stay put and rely on the government for assistance. Unfortunately, the Federal Emergency Management Agency was slow to take action, leaving the most vulnerable residents of the Gulf region with lack of water, housing, healthcare and other necessities. Many of those left behind were poor and black, and President George W. Bush and his administration were criticized for not taking swift action because impoverished African Americans were apparently not a priority to them. Rallies for Immigrants Take Place Nationwide (2006) Although the United States is a nation of immigrants, America remains divided over the surge of immigrants into the country in recent decades. Opponents of immigration, particularly illegal immigration, regard immigrants as a drain on the country’s resources. Many resent having to compete for work with immigrants willing to work for extremely low wages. Supporters of immigrants, however, cite the many contributions newcomers to America have made to the country. They argue that immigrants don’t tax the nation’s resources but, in fact, boost the economy through their hard work. In a show of support of immigrants to America, a reported 1.5 million people demonstrated from coast to coast on May 1, 2006. Immigrants and their advocates were told to stay home from school and work and not patronize businesses so that the nation could feel the impact of what life would be like without immigrants. Some businesses even had to shut down on May Day because their companies depend so heavily on immigrant labor. According to the Pew Hispanic Center in Washington D.C., about 7.2 million undocumented immigrants hold jobs in the United States, making up 4.9 percent of the overall labor force. About 24 percent of farm workers and 14 percent of construction workers are undocumented, the Pew Hispanic Center found. Each year on May 1, rallies continue to be held in support of immigrants, arguably making immigration the civil rights issue of the millennium. Barack Obama Wins Presidential Election (2008) Running on a platform of change, Illinois Sen. Barack Obama wins the 2008 presidential election to become the first person of African descent chosen to run the United States. A multiracial, multigenerational coalition of volunteers helped Obama win the campaign. Considering that African Americans were previously denied the right to vote, forcibly segregated from whites and enslaved in the United States, Obama’s successful presidential bid marked a turning point for the nation. Anti-racist activists take issue with the notion that Obama’s election means that we’re now living in a â€Å"post-racial† America, though. Gaps between blacks and whites remain in the education, employment and healthcare sectors, to name a few. Sonia Sotomayor Becomes First Hispanic Supreme Court Justice (2009) The election of Barack Obama as president of the United States paved the way for other people of color to break ground in politics. In May 2009, President Obama nominated Judge Sonia Sotomayor, raised by a single Puerto Rican mother in the Bronx, to the Supreme Court as a replacement for Justice David Souter. On Aug. 6, 2009, Sotomayor became the first Hispanic judge and the third woman to sit on the court. Her appointment to the court also marks the first time judges from two minority groupsAfrican American and Latinohave served on the court together. Disney Releases First Film With Black Princess (2009) â€Å"The Princess and the Frog† debuted nationwide Dec. 11. The film was Disney’s first with a black heroine. It opened to largely positive reviews and topped the box office its opening weekend, grossing approximately $25 million. Despite its relative success in theatersthere are reports the film hasn’t doesn’t as well as recent Disney features such as â€Å"Enchanted†controversy surrounded â€Å"The Princess and the Frog† before its release. Some members of the African American community objected to the fact that Princess Tiana’s love interest, Prince Naveen, wasn’t black; that Tiana remained a frog for much of the film rather than a black woman; and that the film portrayed Voodoo negatively. Other African Americans were simply overjoyed that someone who resembled them was joining the ranks of Snow White, Sleeping Beauty and the like for the first time in Disney’s 72-year history.

Critically evaluate the pedagogical approach(es) evident in the video Essay

Critically evaluate the pedagogical approach(es) evident in the video and suggest additional strategies which could be employed - Essay Example Therefore, a tactic affective for one student may not be useful for another. The video shows a school which has diversity in terms of its students. The students belonged to different cultural and ethnic backgrounds. As the children are in their early years, so if they are treated properly, the element of diversity would serve as a plus point for the school environment. At the same time, if the concept of discrimination is developed at this sensitive stage, the children will hardly learn to respect others throughout their life. Therefore, showing respect towards teachers, parents and the students themselves is an effective tool for training children to live peacefully in an environment. There should be a balance and equality in terms of parameters of respect and honor. If some of the students are given undue favors, it will create intimidating environment for others. While training children in early years to show respect to others, it is very important to train them about how to commu nicate with others. Most of the children have natural hesitation while interacting with a new face other than their family. This hesitation should be removed by making them comfortable in speaking, moving and expressing their feelings. Sometimes, teachers and parents put great focus on making children learn the manners. It is helpful but it can cause the child to become uncomfortable with natural instincts and desires of his age. Therefore, while teaching manners to young children it is very important to understand the needs of their age and let them do what they want to do freely. Do not embarrass them by quoting examples of their activities which you think are stupid. Try to persuade them to follow a certain rule, rather than imposing it. In that case, children become revengeful in future and find a desire to break every rule that tries to mold them. There are certain general issues of students like lack of confidence, hesitation, and reluctance to communicate and to ask questions . Such issues require general solutions applied in specific way. This means that teacher needs to provide this solution individually in addition to creating an environment supporting such solutions. Parents should also observe the special needs of their children and notify about these needs in the school. As it is said that ‘nip the evil in the bud’, so is the case with children; the earlier their issues are resolved, the better they can perform. Proper planning and discussions about the behavior of individual students are helpful both for student and the teacher. For a student, it is useful as he/she would get help in a proper and timely manner. For teacher it is useful as it would indicate that how much the situation has improved. The issue with the planning is that if the teacher becomes too obsessed with the plans, then the results can be reversed. Human beings are the most complex creatures in the world so sometimes you learn by doing. Once you have made a plan, tr y it with the child and see if you both are comfortable with the tactic or nor. If anyone is uncomfortable, do not hesitate in making modifications in your plan. Studies have shown that over formal approaches to teaching young children are counterproductive (Nabuco and Sylva, 1996) and can hinder young children’

Effective Cross-Cultural Management in the UK Company Essay - 2

Effective Cross-Cultural Management in the UK Company - Essay Example According to Hennart and Zeng (2002), amalgamation of organizational structure, team dynamics and business infrastructure has gone through a regime shift, which has been witnessed over last 20 years primarily because of a globalized world. Due to a strongly interconnected world, frequency as well as amount of knowledge and information transmission across borders has increased to a great extent (Hofstede and McCrae, 2004). Considering the current intensity of competition and business environment, it is noticed that companies headquartered in a particular country are seeking entry into international field by means of business expansion on a global magnitude. Johnson, Lenartowicz and Apud (2006) suggested that the underlying motive behind implementation of such a strategy is to gain an advantageous position. In effect, companies gain access to a larger base of customer and are able to amplify growth rate (Minbaeva and Michailova, 2004). Empirical research scholars such as, Moran, Harris and Moran (2007) and Morley and Robins (2001), provide a different view point. According to the authors, companies implement global expansion strategies in order to spread risk evenly. Such strategies offer companies with the opportunity to diversify their business portfolio, thereby setting up compound earning sources and learning foreign cultures. The fundamental motive behind undergoing such a learning process is to support innovation.

Investigator training should focus on the structure of an Essay

Investigator training should focus on the structure of an investigation rather than the skill of the Investigator Examine this statement - Essay Example As a result, investigator training has become a critical component in preparing the investigators for their paramount role and duty in society. However, given the scenario in modern environment, it can be noted that, the role played by investigators will continue to evolve and this particular aspect will greatly affect the level, nature, content, and context of training such investigators should have. Therefore, even as training of investigators remains critical and important, the question being asked is whether the training methodology should put more focus on the structure of an investigation or on the skills of the investigator. Subsequent discussions will try to examine and analyse the statement in a deeper understanding and conceptualization. Investigators have been found to be important professionals in the dispensation of numerous activities in new world (Chandler, 2009). This is so, given that, the modern world is characterized by myriad of issues and challenges. The social world and overall human interaction is no longer at peace, since there are increased reports of terrorism activities, accidents of diverse natures, thefts of different types and magnitudes, frauds of any kind, and all sought of evil activities in society. The occurrence of these activities impacts heavily and negatively on different social institutions, actors, structures, and systems. As a result, there has been the need to identify the various ways to deal with such problems. Part of solution to these problems has been found to lie with investigators. Investigators, in their capacity as professionals, are perceived to have knowledge, skills, and sometimes experience to help other professionals identify, describe, evaluate, and analyze different a ctivities that qualify to be investigated. Michaelides-Mateou and Mateou (2010) study and analyze investigators specializing in aviation

How the evolution of democracy in the United States has effected the Research Paper

How the evolution of democracy in the United States has effected the emergence of democracies in Israel and Yemen - Research Paper Example Moreover, internationally the country has maintained a steady path on Democratic gains because it embraces fundamental freedoms, which allow citizens and rights groups to put the government into accountability on issue touching on the welfare of the general public. Fundamentally, the U.S. is regarded as one of the most advanced societies as far as democracy is concerned even though it has been facing evolution in its democratic space, occasioned by different regimes that have come into power (Pillar, 2001). Conversely, democracy in the United States of America has been evolving over the years to align itself it with the country’s foreign policy. For instance, during the administration of George W. Bush, the nation stepped up the call for democratic modes of governance in developing countries especially those in Asia, to enable to implement its foreign policy to a region perceived to be anti-America (Rosati and Scott, 2011). Israel has been one of the longest allies of America in the Middle East and it has rose to its current status due to immense investment that the US government has poured into the nation, to safeguard it from neighbouring Islamist nations that want to wipe it off. After the Second World War the Nazis wanted to eliminate the Jews however, the American government made stringent efforts to ensure Israel is recognized as an independent state and luckily this came to pass due to sympathy from a number of nations that shared the pity of what the Jews had undergone. This happened through a veto vote by USA in the United Nations Security Council that paved way for Israel to be recognized internationally as an independent nation. Conversely, it is imperative to note that the journey of the long story of bilateral relations between the Unites States of America and Israel begun from the very moment the country attained autonomous status of being an independent nation (Dye and Zeigler, 2003). The American government extended a lot of resources

A Career in Pharmacy Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Career in Pharmacy - Personal Statement Example My grade point average was excellent.   In fact, I earned a 3.40 in my studies.   The pharmaceutical career is a wonderful way to apply my theoretical knowledge.   I can help people and I can contribute to the health of my community.   I can do this by giving advice and by considering the needs of my patients.   I am also interested in research and development.   My interest in pharmacy is not new. My grade point average was excellent.   In fact, I earned a 3.40 in my studies.   The pharmaceutical career is a wonderful way to apply my theoretical knowledge.   I can help people and I can contribute to the health of my community.   I can do this by giving advice and by considering the needs of my patients.   I am also interested in research and development.   My interest in pharmacy is not new. Actually, I have pursued my interest in pharmacy for many years.   At Santa Ana College, for instance, I studied Pharmacy Technology.   Even before I decided to earn my degree in chemical engineering, I was interested in pharmacy.   This demonstrates that I have been interested in the field for many years.   I also have prior work experience in the field of pharmacy.   This work experience has proven to me that this is the field in which I want to contribute.   This is my dream.   This is not a new desire; indeed, I have immersed myself in the field and I have been very successful and well-respected by my supervisors and co-workers.  Ã‚   I have demonstrated, through my studies and my work experience, that I will be a good pharmacist.   I worked at Albertson/Save-on and Rite Aid Pharmacies for more than one year.   I was responsible for multitasking; in particular, I was responsible for gathering information, for filling prescriptions, for counting medications, and for communicating with customers, nurses, and other health care professionals.   I was very proud that I was considered to be one of the fastest fillers with a minim um amount of errors.   I have the theoretical background to excel in the field, I have the practical experience to know that I will commit myself entirely to the field, and I have the human empathy to understand the significance of the field to my customers.

Meaning of Labels Aspergers Syndrome Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Meaning of Labels Aspergers Syndrome - Essay Example There are five different types of pervasive development disorders (PDD) that are more often referred to as autism spectrum disorders (ASD) (nimh, 2006). Asperger's syndrome is the mildest form of the disorder. All the disorders "are characterized by varying degrees of impairment in communication skills, social interactions, and restricted, repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior."(nimh, 2006) Another definition makes similar points: "A disorder that is present from birth or very early in development that affects essential human behaviors such as social interaction, the ability to communicate ideas and feelings, imagination, and the establishment of relationships with others." The spectrum of conditions that make up autism often lead to great family disruption and to unfulfilled lives for many children, so any teaching methods that may alleviate the effect of the condition are very important. One of the problems with the whole of autism, and with Asperger Syndrome in general, is the fact that it describes a pattern of symptoms rather than just a single symptom (Powers, 2001). In most ways Asperger's resembles autism, but in a very mild form. Thus a child displays qualitative impairment in social interaction, and often repetitive/limited activities and interests (Tsantsanis, 2003). As it is rather mild autism, children with Asperger's may actually be reasonable functional. At the moment there is actual study that addresses the long-term prognosis for a child with Asperger syndrome. These children appear have a greater tendency towards psychiatric conditions such as depression, anxiety and perhaps schizophrenia (Klin, 2006). Treatment options tend to include educational development and a search to exploit the often singular talents that some children with Asperger's display. PART 2. Critically discuss the concepts of labels and labeling in relation to Aspergers The concepts of labels and labeling are always controversial when they regard children and possible mental conditions. The results of labeling a child as "autistic" or "Asperger's" will be profound and will effect the child for the rest of his/her school years and beyond. Thus it is important that the 'labels' be given in an accurate manner, and, concomitantly, that they are associated with clearly defined conditions. With Asperger's Syndrome it is diagnosis at the very mildest and most severe form that is most important. For the mildest cases, it may be difficult to distinguish between actual Asperger's and a simple eccentric or anachronistic view of the world being displayed by the child (Muller, 2007). Unfortunately, the syndrome is so loosely defined that it may be simply a matter of subjective opinion rather than objective fact as to whether a child is labeled as displaying Asperger's Syndrom

A Career in Pharmacy Personal Statement Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

A Career in Pharmacy - Personal Statement Example My grade point average was excellent.   In fact, I earned a 3.40 in my studies.   The pharmaceutical career is a wonderful way to apply my theoretical knowledge.   I can help people and I can contribute to the health of my community.   I can do this by giving advice and by considering the needs of my patients.   I am also interested in research and development.   My interest in pharmacy is not new. My grade point average was excellent.   In fact, I earned a 3.40 in my studies.   The pharmaceutical career is a wonderful way to apply my theoretical knowledge.   I can help people and I can contribute to the health of my community.   I can do this by giving advice and by considering the needs of my patients.   I am also interested in research and development.   My interest in pharmacy is not new. Actually, I have pursued my interest in pharmacy for many years.   At Santa Ana College, for instance, I studied Pharmacy Technology.   Even before I decided to earn my degree in chemical engineering, I was interested in pharmacy.   This demonstrates that I have been interested in the field for many years.   I also have prior work experience in the field of pharmacy.   This work experience has proven to me that this is the field in which I want to contribute.   This is my dream.   This is not a new desire; indeed, I have immersed myself in the field and I have been very successful and well-respected by my supervisors and co-workers.  Ã‚   I have demonstrated, through my studies and my work experience, that I will be a good pharmacist.   I worked at Albertson/Save-on and Rite Aid Pharmacies for more than one year.   I was responsible for multitasking; in particular, I was responsible for gathering information, for filling prescriptions, for counting medications, and for communicating with customers, nurses, and other health care professionals.   I was very proud that I was considered to be one of the fastest fillers with a minim um amount of errors.   I have the theoretical background to excel in the field, I have the practical experience to know that I will commit myself entirely to the field, and I have the human empathy to understand the significance of the field to my customers.

Change and Innovation Essay Example for Free

Change and Innovation Essay The Governor of a certain Province has been plagued by problems on low-productivity turnout and project implementation troubles that delay project completion and reduce effective delivery of services to its constituents. This has also been voiced by the previous administration, so to correct this possible relapse a thorough revamp of the department has to be implemented. Top priority of his agenda was to hire an Architect who will lead the department concerned and enforce the required change to provide the dynamics of a vibrant administration that puts premium on the welfare of its constituents. The Scenario  Checking on the management system that has been in effect, the Architect found different flaws; the staff has been underachieving because the work assigned to each of them did not correspond with their degree of expertise; the planning division was in disarray because nobody could stand-up to make vital decisions; the system lacked incentives, that’s why most personnel go to work late and leave early. Besides taking long time breaks; various paper works do not follow a regular pattern. Thus, orders suffer delay and even payrolls are not processed on time (American Society of Associates Executive 2003). Various suppliers secure materials ordered at a central warehouse and department inspectors check the deliveries made. Said process takes too long that payments were seldom prompt. Project engineers were required to withdraw and deliver to the site the necessary materials when implementing projects; a system that entails double handling of materials and added fuel cost. Personnel in the field failed to follow proper time management because implementing engineers seldom reported to the site. The equipment pool lacked proper assessment while many endured long use but did not undergo timely maintenance. Equipment cannot be dispatched on time so that project engineers had to wait, even during critical junctions of the construction process. No schedules were ever followed over the use of equipment while only those favored have the liberty of priority accommodation. And lastly, the engineer’s capabilities were in question for many appear to lack construction experience that made the reliability of finished projects doubtful. The Revamp Upon assumption of office, the Architect made a thorough evaluation of each employee’s capabilities and then proper segregation of divisions was put in effect. The administration handled time management; to see to it that personnel report on time; that break time rules are implemented; that tardiness and absenteeism are dealt with corresponding penalties and that proper decorum is observed at all times (Time Management 2007). A working set-up was also devised to speed-up processing of documents to avoid unnecessary delays in the discharge of work orders, payment vouchers, travel orders, equipment requests and the approval of payroll requests. A division head is made answerable directly to the Architect for this matter. The planning division was also initiated with personnel divided into functional units. The design sector aims to conceive the projects requested by the Governor. Once designs are approved, the drafting section takes over in coordination with the structural section, sanitary section, electrical section and mechanical section, if required. And when plans are completed, some are tasked to work on the specifications, program of work, PERT CPM, a bar chart and bidding documents while others prepare the plans for printing. All of these are reviewed and approved by the architect prior to submission to the governor and implementation. Likewise the equipment section also had its share in the revamp. The designated head has to account for all equipment in its arsenal. Segregate those in good and running condition, equipment that needs minor repairs, equipment that has to be totally overhauled and equipment that has to be discarded. The section also prepares a list of equipment that has to be purchased and submitted as essential, and sees to it that all project engineers have access to equipment when required. A proper equipment release and return scheme should be devised to make erring personnel accountable for their action. The division that needed priority reorganization was the project implementation division. The architect ordered that project engineers undergo construction reorientation training before they can be dispatched to construction sites. This is the most important aspect of the revamp because failure of the project engineers will affect the safety of individuals that will benefit and use the finished project. This also is an assurance that the Province adheres to the safety rules and regulation required by the â€Å"National Building Code† (Wikipedia Contributors 2007c). Besides those in Government cannot afford to waste public funds by doing sub-standard projects. An additional section was organized to monitor all projects in the field daily with reports of the previous day handed in the morning prior to their sorties during the day. This way, the Architect is always abridged of proper project evaluation as well as construction accomplishments while related problems are resolved immediately. This also serves to entice field personnel to report on time and render the 8 hours work required daily and project engineers to be around to lend their technical know-how in the implementation of the project. Another aspect that the Architect revised is the delivery of materials. Since materials are requested per project subject for implementation, winning materials dealers are now required to deliver direct to the site, to save on double handling expenses. Materials after due inspection are turned over to the project engineer concerned, who will be accountable should anything happen to the materials out of his negligence. The Architect relied heavily on the management system of delegation of authority, to give all those involved personnel professional advancement (Delegation of Authority 2006). If a person delivers on the target expected, naturally incentives are provided to keep the momentum always in high gear. Underachievers are likewise given time to recoup and reconsider the causes of his debacle and when really inefficient are given the release order. We have to weed out the bad apples from the good, so only the reliable ones should remain. Risks  In any new endeavor there will always be adverse effects, whether pros and cons, depending upon the degree any change would affect individuals. In our case, the long exposure to a system that has been redundant will be a defining factor as to who perceives it to be good and those who are not receptive to a renewed environment. For those assigned to man the administrative division, change implied the systematic division of labor as each one functions relative to others. If one falls short, the whole system becomes ineffective, just like the domino principle in economics (Leeson, P. T. t al 2001). Everybody is required to do his share to keep the workplace humming. The planning division was not affected, since their tasks were clearly defined so that overlapping of functions can be minimized. Respect and trust to the division head is the contributing factor, as everybody relies on his experience and perceived intelligence to answer relevant queries. Of paramount importance is the implementing arm of the division, the project engineers. On their shoulders rests the completion of projects, so re-trainings are vital to the success of the projects (Wikipedia Contributors 2007b). Even if we have monitoring teams to check on their accomplishment, it is their intelligence and experience that will eventually dictate the tempo of their work. All other personnel needed the time to adjust and such will be achieved through mastery and familiarity of the new system. Evaluation of risks All the smart boys will never enter government service, so it is generally perceived that those in government are above average political appointees. And owing to their clout with the powers that be, they are the last segment that would be receptive to change. What makes it even harder is the Civil Service eligibility that protects their tenure even if they become a total recluse in their duties as public servant (Reinventing the State Civil Service 1995). Thus, this realignment is only made in part to appease the timid employees, while putting a lot of pressure to groups that found the revamp more in line with their educational attainment and experience. Those initiating change are always walking in a tightrope for there are eyes and ears that validate your every move, failure to comply will normally get the ire of well placed politicians. In the aftermath of these changes, many employees will need resettlement and the encompassing revamp should put them in positions that they can still function accordingly without having to compromise. It is a fact that change will be a hard pill to swallow for those comfortable with the previous system but it is a necessary evil in order to succeed and attain development goals. Change versus benefits The change instituted may create temporary, minor discomforts to rank and file personnel, but surely the rewards will be for the benefit of the greater majority. Just imagine when projects implemented are not only deemed safe and secure for those countless beneficiaries; but also when construction time is considerably reduced at the least cost to the government. We don’t need change simply to take over from the old guards. We need it to create a more cohesive workforce that can address to the needs of a more restive and demanding society. Government cannot be complacent amid calls for rapid development in the industry, labor and even the protection of the environment. Moreover, only governments can concretize those changes in place. Rating  The revamp that has been implemented should produce a positive rating especially if implemented with private entities. But for a governmental institution, rating should be around 4. These changes should reduce red tape in the bureaucracy; should provide the impetus for employees to perform well. These changes would have a positive effect on the employee’s self-worth; a beacon for those that desire professional advancement and most of all, constituents will benefit from all of these changes. Comment on rating The bureaucratic structure of the government is never 100% receptive to changes. Even if such changes would encompass welfare to a greater majority. Many will always suspect the intentions behind these changes, how honorable it may be. Such will be counter-productive as you dilly-dally to harm your work ethics and your productivity suffers. For these changes to be effective require a thorough reorganization, meaning personnel from rank and file up to the executives are all hired simultaneously. This way, the chief can mould his team to respond swiftly and accurately. Where everybody functions as they should and without due consideration from previous employment. But since this is not possible, we have to make do with what we have and hope that everybody will have a change of heart and do what is necessary. Raising potential The foremost solution is improve conditions at workplace, try to do some assessment and formulate ideas to probably change the decor, the air-conditioning might be too restrictive or your rapport with your employees might be too militaristic that hinders proper communication and limits production output. All factors will have to be considered to make it conducive to workers. Secondly, it is important that as manager, you are readily aware of your employee’s potential. Allow them to attend seminars and training to improve their capabilities and you should be lavish in your praise for a good work done (Practice Management 2006). And always strive to fight for their cause, ask for incentives that would be due to employees that made a dent to improve performance (Management Incentives Program). Communication Being true to your word with a posture of honesty while strict but also compassionate are the traits of a model manager. With these gestures you are communicating with your subordinates a sense of overbearing confidence that should mitigate respect and admiration. You don’t need to raise you voice to relay what you want. A fair handling of the situation can earn for you the trust that each employee needs from you. A good manager is seldom intellectually bright, proof of the matter are generally geeks never become good managers. It is always your emotional front that makes you a good communicator. Although the most reasonable form of communication ever devised is the weekly reporting system – reports are usually handed to the Head of office before the weekly forum starts, this have defined countless establishments and an effective tool even in government (Wikipedia Contributors 2007a).

Industrial Analysis For The Candy Store Marketing Essay

Industrial Analysis For The Candy Store Marketing Essay Our business plan is to design an on campus candy store which provides a wide range of candies to students and the staff at a cheaper rate. We hope to provide a new sweet experience to our customers to sweeten their most memorable days with our candies. To the students who like sweets our store will be a paradise of candies. And we will ensure the 100% customer satisfaction. Our mission statement. Our mission is to introduce a new era in the sweet industry by innovating new products, to give a totally different experience to our customers who step on to our store and to inject freshness in the sweet industry such as candies with different flavours, wide range of party packages, seasonal offers and many more. Market forecast Sales value of sweets were slightly in pace between 2005 and 2006 but sales has being increased because of gum and jellies. Sources suggests that the sugar confectionery market will increase by 9% at current prices over the 2007-12 period, rising to an estimated  £1.3 billion by 2012. C:UsersSubnet1Desktopid=273283name=figure6-1-1185370514.jpgmaxWidth=851maxHeight=450.jpg Sales of sugar confectionery in the UK have followed a modest upward trend over the review period. Some industry commentators estimate even flatter trends and a minor growth of 3-3.5% between 2005-2007. Health concerns as well affected for the sales growth because more concern about balance diets. The sugar confectionery market will increase by 9% at current prices over the 2007-12 periods, rising to an estimated  £1.3 billion by 2012. However, removing the effects of inflation reveals a much more growth equating to just 1% in real-terms. The market increasing at a similar rate to that seen over the 2002-07 period, growing 6% over the next five years. With volume growth behind value in current terms, this is indicative of a rise in spend per unit on sugar confectionery over the forecast period. SWOT analysis Following are the strengths and opportunities of our business which we possess to bring a better range of candies to satisfy the customers we will minimize our weaknesses and threats while finding solutions to overcome them. Strengths are, The logo which speaks to the customer and attract them. Especially youngsters will be keener on the logo. Main concern will be on more natural colours and flavours will help to attract more customers. Since consumers are focus on health, gum and jellies have taken more priority as they made up of natural fruit juices. Novelty products such as party bags, seasonal products and surprise gifts help to drag more customers as well customized range of party packages. Attractive price range so that everyone willing to buy. Strong management team to organize plans for future and for past. As well developing good skills, sales strategies to attract more customers and also to maintain good faith with the retailers. Weaknesses are, Higher innovation cost has to occur to invent new candies to attract the customers. Efficiency is less as incapable of paying higher salary to staff. Less exposure to the wider market to attract more customers. Opportunities can be, Young generation looking for more diverse product range. On campus is a good location as there are no specific candy shops which provide variety of candies. Event coverage with discounted packages. Even in higher economic crisiss people will are willing to buy candies. Threats can be, Competition with other supermarkets which are based on campus. Economic slowdown. Price wars. Trend for discounts. Higher labour cost. PEST control analysis Political: The government would have to collect taxes from the shop therefore the candy store would have to pay the normal tax rates. The business doesnt need to be privatised because the property that they are going to use is in Brunel University. They have to follow the health and safety regulation due to being in the packed food industry. The business would not have control on the spending of the public funds however since they would pay tax they would want to know where the government is using the tax that they pay. Economical: The store will be less likely to be affected with the interest and inflation rate because the products are not very expensive therefore there would be minimal effect on the sales of the shop. If the store keeps the service friendly, helpful and has policies to deal with situations like sales return these factors would help create consumer confidence. The rate of unemployment would affect the business due to the reason that the people would be less likely to spend their disposable income on things like candy therefore they should develop a strategy that would help them keep going at the time of recession. The labour cost would be how much money they would spend on recruitment and the recruitment process. Socio- culture: the trend, consumers taste and preferences, change in lifestyle would affect the store the occupation wouldnt matter because all age groups would have it. Mainly it is targeted to the students and staff of the university. Also including things like organic candy that would also be ethnic and healthy to would attract many consumers. Technological: there would be a balanced effect of this factor on the business. They need software that would help them to innovate thing for the business so that they can maintain their consumers however they may also use it to increase the number of consumers for the business. The business can discover something new or improve the way they serve the consumers. If they have any way of doing the accounts and also to keep track on the financial side of the business. Legal: the business would need to follow all the employment laws and company laws. The business would need to find out what are the regulations of the business their type they may do this by going to the food department of the location where they are going to start and find out what sort of licence is needed to start up the store the business would also need to get employees identification number, resale permit and a food handler permit. Environmental: the store will not be affected a lot with the climatic changes because you can have candy anytime. The business may make more profits around Halloween and Christmas however it may remain popular throughout the season. Water resources wouldnt affect the business because the business wouldnt need water to serve the consumers however they would need it to remain hygienic however they may also use anti-bacterial gels. Energy supply would affect the business because they would not be able to use the computers, they may use the fridge that keeps the stock of the candy at a certain temperature if the electricity is not there that might differ the taste of the candy. Porters five forces The threats of new entrants Usually there will be more threats to a candy store as it can be initiate with lesser amount capital, can start up as a home industry, no investors needed etc. But since our candy store located on campus there will be less threats of new entrants so the competition will be low. The buyer power The consumers will compare the prices of other candy stores with us, and choose which one they can get more benefit and which one is cheaper, which one is delicious, in this case, we maybe reduce the price then get less profit or enhance the quality of candy then more and more consumers like our candy. So it can be stated that buyer power is high since the students and willing to buy a candy as a snack after a lecture. The supplier power In production of candies the primary raw materials we need are the coco beans, milk, sugar etc. When finding manufacturers, there are many but it is more important to find one which has quality products at a reasonable price. Sometimes the manufacturers may use financial techniques such as hedging in order to reduce the price impact of price rises on their own margins. However since the fine grade of coco production shows small part of world supply, the bargaining power of suppliers will increase. Overall it can say that suppliers power is high as we are buying raw materials from suppliers and preparing our sweets. The threat of substitution Some substitutes for a candy shop could be traditional chocolates, snacks and other confectionary products which customers used to satisfy their sweet tooth. So its clear that the candy industry should face numerous types of other substitutes such as peanut butter, yoghurts, ice creams, cookies etc. Therefore there is a good variety of substitutes available for the consumers which make the threat of substitution high. The competitive rivalry The intensity among rivalry among competitors in a business can lead to price wars, advertising battles, new product lines and high quality customer service. On campus our main rivalry party will be the supermarkets and shops which sell candies but as we selling variety of candies such as jaw breakers. Gummies, candy cane etc the competition will be less. So as we based on campus the competitors threat will be less to our candy store. SWOT analysis for our competitors Strengths Firms brand name and resources. Experience of being in the industry for longer time. Highly skilled labour. Weaknesses Low product awareness. Lack of variety of candies. Poor facility location. Lack of innovations. Opportunities Easy access to market. Even in inflationary situations people will tend to buy the candies. Special seasoning offers. Threats Since it is easy to start up more competitors will be there. As customers are more health conscious it will affect the sales volume. Imposing new regulations by government towards the sweet industry. Market segmentation Geography Segmentation strategy will allow the company to determine whether the segment is large enough to sustain the product or if there is no viable market for the product. If the company decides that the strategy is a viable one, than the company can implement and design a marketing mix strategy to implement for each of their individual segments. The candy shop we are going to open will be on campus in which our target customers will be mainly the students and the staff. The first task important to our candy shop is to understand the relationship between consumers and products in order to understand the environment and those involved in the consumer process. Once we evaluates the environment then must investigate the segmentation bases. Our segment will be students and the staff to whom we will be bound to serve according to their preferences like what candies they like most, what flavours they need etc. Determining the segmentation of the marketing process identifies useful categories in specific segments in which to target. Soft confectionery: the sweet of choice NPD and advertising support have helped drive sales of soft confectionery, which exceeded  £700 million in 2011. This segment represents just under half of the total market, with steady growth expected to continue in the coming years. Consumer tastes appear to be shifting from traditional hard to soft confectionery as static sales of hard sweets have seen the segment lose market share despite a recent rise in NPD. Gum represents just under 20% of the total market, and although the segment posted growth in 2011, its share fell slightly due to the growth rate falling behind that of the overall market. Figure 30: UK retail value sales of sugar confectionery and gum, by type, 2009-11 2009 % 2010 % 2011 (est) % % change 2010-11 % change 2009-11  £m  £m  £m Soft confectionery 681 44 690 44 704 45 +2.0 +3.4 Mint confectionery 215 14 219 14 220 14 +0.5 +2.3 Hard confectionery 181 12 182 12 183 11 +0.5 +1.1 Functional confectionery* 130 8 128 8 129 8 +0.8 -0.8 Other confectionery 40 2 42 3 42 3 +0.0 +5.0 pricing strategy for the candy store: Our business would be using a combination of pricing strategy. We believe that Psychological pricing would help the consumers set a boundary and realise that the one pence makes a difference in the way they think about the price. for example when the price is  £10 pounds the consumer may not buy it but if it is written as  £9.99 then they may be attracted to it. We would also concentrate on the consumer based pricing because this may boost the sales of our shop and if the consumers find that we have a reasonable prices for our product of better promotional strategy. We think that the more offers we keep on the candies the more consumers we will get. This sort of pricing strategy can also sometimes keep us in line with our consumer because we will always know what sort of pricing most attracts them and do they think that our price for the candy is reasonable. We will also be using popular pricing: is when the shop would know how much are the consumers willing to pay for the product and then we will put an offer for example two bags of candy normally would cost  £10 but we would sell two bags less than  £9.50. Organisational structure: Organizational structure refers to the way that an organization arranges people and jobs so that its work can be performed and its goals can be met. When a work group is very small and face-to-face communication is frequent, formal structure may be unnecessary, but in a larger organization decisions have to be made about the delegation of various tasks. Thus, procedures are established that assign responsibilities for various functions. It is these decisions that determine the organizational structure. Candy store organisational structure: Director of marketing in candy store A marketing director is a person responsible for the overall marketing operations of an organization or business. The job requires not only having skill in the creative aspect of advertising, but also having the budgetary knowledge needed to plan appropriately. Thus, the marketing director must be an effective manager in terms of both budget, and the creative process. Time at the job will often be split between these two primary functions. In our candy store, there are two people manage advertising and budget. Our advertising should always be aesthetically pleasing so student will think happy thoughts when they think of candy. And use the Internet and traditional advertising to market your candy store, including writing your own press releases to disseminate to your local newspapers. Another idea is to visit local condominiums and leave samples and literature in the clubhouse, or take samples along with business cards to office buildings and give them to receptionists to hand out And budget our money so we have the resources to do what we want , for example: more advertising to attract student; more kinds of candy; more activity. Director of sales in candy store An individual employed by a business to manage the activities of subordinate salespeople, and to develop and implement an effective selling strategy for the business in general. The sales director typically has full control over the sales function and staff within the budget allocated by a business and is often part of its higher management. The director of our candy shop should presents a summary of his visits to the director of sales and marketing on a weekly basis prior and after the week is completed and conduct monthly competitor market survey on their new candy, promotion and pricing tactics and to report to director of sales for proactive strategic planning. Director of operations in candy store The manager of our candy store, who is responsible for the overall day-to-day operations. We divide our candy store to two parts, one of them is shop A, including zone A-D, and another one is shop B, including zone E-G, in this case, the student in campus can buy candy easily. Opportunities and treats There are many opportunities for new businesses to enter the sweet confectionary market. It is predicted that the sale figures of this market has increased by 9.6 percent in the UK. This is the only business that is not threatened by the inflation, because consumers still buy confectionary sweet even when they are on a tight budget. The graph below supports the statement. sugar sales 2006 to 2016.JPG Marketing strategy The market strategy for the company is to sell products that are organic, with no artificial flavours and colours. The business will also have an ethical approach towards their consumers and employees. The market offers the business to be potentially successful due to the consistent increase in the sales on sugar confectionary. It has grown so much that all of the supermarket must have an aisle where they dont sell sweets. As long as we keep our prices reasonable consumers are likely to be loyal and they would defiantly repurchase again and again. Figure 13:  Consumer Confidence Index,  monthly, January 2007-October 2011 C:UsersThe HarsMusicid=599844seq=11maxWidth=851maxHeight=450.jpeg